Design and technology for erecting block span buildings
Supporting ties in spans with driving are made in the form of hard portal frames. The portal frame consists of the legs, the upper spacer (crossbar) and struts that ensure the rigidity of the angles between the spacer and the legs. The feet of the portal frames are supportive braces of the main farms, in which, in addition to the efforts of compression from vertical loads, additional efforts and bending moments from the action of the wind occur.
Therefore, the branches (bars) of the supporting braces are interconnected by blocks or plate dodges that provide the work of braces for bend as an integral beam. The upper spacer (frame of the frame) should have an enhanced cross section, so it is usually made of three bars (logs) interconnected. The spacers are connected to the supports and upper belts of the farms bolts. The upper belts of the main farms pass between the extreme bars of the spacers, for which its average beam is made shortened. Straws that provide the stiffness of the upper nodes of the portal frame are made of bars and attached to the supports and the upper spacer with bolts. Gau-Zhuravsky farms allow the use of block structures for span buildings with riding on top. In span buildings with a ride, the formation of Gau-Zuransky farms from spatial and even planar blocks is almost impossible, since the large overall dimensions and significant weight of the blocks make it difficult to transport them by car.